The problem of an aging population, the reform of the social security system, has become one of the most concern of governments around the world. Beginning in the 1990s, the Chinese government began to pension security reform, established a new framework for the pension system. However, the pension system in China is still facing serious challenges. To improve the social security system reform process, it is necessary to give full play to the positive role of the National Social Security Fund as an important financial reserve of China's social security, and to promote the innovation and development of the National Social Security Fund.